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Manual of Engineering Drafting and Drawings

Drafting, Design and Engineering Drawings

Manual of Engineering Drafting and Drawings
Technical Product Specification and Documentation to British and International Standards.
Colin H. Simmons
Dennis E. Maguire
Neil Phelps

Open: Manual of Engineering Drafting and Drawings
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Preface and Updates
The importance and advantages that may be obtained, by having an effective Configuration Management and Control, within a Management system, whether the system be of a highly sophisticated CAD type or that of a manual type.

Computing developments and the impacts on industry and commerce in relation to CAD Organization and various applications. In line with ‘Standardization being a continuous process
medium,’ this revision also includes the addition of the following four new comprehensive chapters:

‘3 D Annotation’ which deals with the Digital Product Definition Data Practices, aligned to ISO 16792 Technical Product Documentation: Management and presentation of digital product definition data and ASME Y 14.41.

‘The Duality Principle’ this being a Geometric Product specification approach based on the concept that any given work piece exists in several different “worlds” or as several different versions at the same time, as considered by the Designer and the Verification Engineer. It is the essential link between the Design Intent and the Verification of the end product.

‘The Differences between the American ASME Y 14.5 M Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD & T) and ISO/BS 8888 Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Standards’, the subtle differences of common terms, and the effects of them being interpreted in different ways are identified and analyzed…

‘Surface Texture’ The Composition and Application of the Related Graphical Symbology The mandatory positions for the indication of surface texture requirements are illustrated and, explained in line with BS/EN/ISO 1302 compliance.

The text that follows covers the basic aspects of engineering drawing practice required by college and university students, and also professional drawing office personnel. Applications show how regularly used standards should be applied and interpreted.

Geometrical constructions are a necessary part of engineering design and analysis and examples of two-and three-dimensional geometry is provided. Practice is invaluable, not only as a mean of understanding principles, but in developing the ability to visualize shape and form in three dimensions with a high degree of fluency. It is sometimes forgotten that not only does a drafsman produce original drawings but is also required to read and absorb the content of drawings he receives without ambiguity.

The section on engineering diagrams is included to stimulate and broaden technological interest, further study, and be of value to students engaged on project work. Readers are invited to redraw a selection of the examples give for experience, also to appreciate the necessity for the insertion and meaning of every line.

TOC

1 Drawing office management and organization 1
2 Product development and computer aided design 7
3 CAD organization and applications 13
4 Principles of first and third angle orthographic projection 33
5 Line work and lettering 45
6 Three dimensional illustrations using isometric and oblique projection 50
7 Drawing layouts and simplified methods 54
8 Sections and sectional views 64
9 Geometrical constructions and tangency 68
10 Loci applications 73
11 True lengths and auxiliary views 82
12 Conic sections and interpretation of solids 87
13 Development of patterns from sheet materials 93
14 Dimensioning principles 100
15 Screw threads and conventional representations 114
16 Nuts, bolts, screws and washers 120
17 Keys and keyways 134
18 Worked examples in machine drawing 137
19 Limits and fits 153
20 Geometrical tolerancing and datum's 160
21 Application of geometrical tolerances 168
22 Maximum material and least material principles 179
23 Positional tolerancing 186
24 Cams and gears 190
25 Springs 202
26 Welding and welding symbols 210
27 Engineering diagrams 214
28 Bearings and applied technology 249
29 Engineering adhesives 264
30 Related standards 272
31 Production drawings 282
32 Drawing solutions 291