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Fluids Applications
- Accumulator Capacity Formula and Calculator
- Accumulator Precharge Pressure Formula and Calculator
- Aerodynamics Airfoil Theory Equations
- Air Leakage Rates for Typical Home Components
- Air Flow Drag and Drag Coefficient Equations and Calculator
- Air Density Equation - Physical properties of air can be represented by the real gas equation, which is the modified version of ideal gas equation.
- Aerodynamic Drag Equation and Calculator Aerodynamic Drag is the opposing fluid drag force that acts on any moving solid body
- API Gravity or American Petroleum Gravity Equations and Calculator API Gravity is the quantity of heavy or light a petroleum fluid is relative to water.
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Archimedes Number Equation and Calculator
- Average Composition of Dry Air
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Average Permeability for Linear flow - Series beds Formula and Calculator
- Appliance Natural Gas Pipe Flow Rate Capacities for up to 200 ft of pipe based on a specific gravity of 0.60.
- Applied Fluid Mechanics Lab Manual
- Blowdown Time in Unsteady Gas Flow Calculator and Equation. Blowdown is a planned or unplanned release of pressurized gas from storage or containment.
- Brinkman Number Equation and Calculator
- Boussinesq Approximation for Buoyancy Formula and Calculator
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Buckingham Reiner Equation and Calculator
- Bulk Modulus of Elasticity
- Buoyant Force in Liquids Animation and Calculator
- Calculation of Mass Flow Rate Equation
- Capillary Number and Pressure Formulas and Calculators
- Characteristic Time for Linear Diffusion in Reservoirs Formulas and Calculator
- Churchill Friction Factor Equation and Calculator
- Colebrook Friction Loss Formula for Round Ducts
- Compressibility of a Fluid Equations and Calculator
- Compressibility of Liquids Equations and Calculators
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- Convert Rectangular or Square Ducts to Round Sizes, Formula and Calculator
- Pressurized Gas Blowout Time Pipeline Excel Spreadsheet Calculator
Mass Flow Rate for Gas Pipeline Blowdown through Hole or Orifice Excel Spreadsheet Calculator
- Centrifugal Pump Requirements Spreadsheet Calculator
Requires a Premium Membership to download
- Cup Anemometer Wind Measurement Equation and Calculator
- Thick-walled Cylinders of Ductile Material, Closed Ends Clavarino's Formula and Calculator
- Compressibility factor for air Z
- Continuity Equation Continuity equation is a mathematical expression of the principle of conservation of mass.
- Convergent Nozzle Flow Velocity and Area Equation and Calculator
- Convergent-Divergent Nozzle Flow Velocity and Area Equation and Calculator
- Control Valve Sizing Liquid, Mass Flow Spreadsheet Calculator
- Control Valve Sizing Steam or Vapor Flow Spreadsheet Calculator
- Control Valve Sizing Gas Flow Spreadsheet Calculator
- Control Valve 90 Deg Flow to Relative Travel Table Spreadsheet Calculator
- Critical Pressure and Temperature Cavett Correlation for Oil
Formula and Calculator
- Dam’s Spillway (overflow spillway) Flow Formula and Calculator
- Dimensions of Ductile Iron Pipe Special Pressure Classes (customary U.S. units)
- Discharge Rate From Pressurized Tank Equations and Calculator
- Eductor Pump Design Equations
- Ekman Number Equation and Calculator
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Einstein Equation Effective Viscosity
- Fire Sprinkler Discharge Calculator (simplified)
- Fluids Dynamic Simulator and stress reliever
- Fluid Stream From a Container Distance and Coordinates Equations and Calculator
- Flow Through a Sluice Gate Formula and Calculator
- Flow over Channel Rise Hump Formula
- Fluid Flow Discharge Time under Falling Head Formula and Calculator
- Fluid Kinetic Force in Conduits Calculator and Equation
- Fluid Momentum Flux Equation and Calculator Momentum Flux is the rate of change of momentum flowing through unit area.
- Fractional Flow Curve Formulas and Calculator
- Pipe Sizes for Fuel Oil Table Oil Suction -The following are the recommended Nominal Size for Fuel Oil Suction line from the storage tank to the supply pump.
- Gas Compressibility Factor (Gas Deviation Factor)
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Gas Flow Under Laminar Viscous Conditions Equations and Calculator
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Gas Material Balance Equation
- Gravity Sewer Pipe (solid wall) Table Dimensions and Sizes
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- Draining Time for Vertical Tank Formulas and Calculator
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- Efflux Time to Drain a Conical Tank Equation and Calculator
- Duct Design Air Flow Velocities - Typical Duct sizes to achieve air flow requirements typical
- Engineering Applications Of Fluid Mechanics
Requires an active Premium Membership with Engineers Edge
- Flash Point of Flammable Gases, Vapors and Solvents Flash Point of Liquids
- Fluid Mechanics and Machinery The flow of ideal non-viscous fluids was extensively studied and mathematical theories were developed during the last century.
- Fritzsche Formula for Pressure Change at Standard Conditions Equation and Calculator
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- IEC Aerodynamic Noise in Control Valves Mass Spreadsheet Calculator
- IEC Aerodynamic Noise Volumetric in Control Valves Mass Spreadsheet Calculator
- IEC Hydrodynamic Noise Mass in Control Valves Mass Spreadsheet Calculator
- Transmission Gas Line Isothermal Flow Equations and Calculator - The steady-state, isothermal flow behavior of gas in pipelines is defined by a general energy equation of the form:
- Harris Formula for Pressure Change at Standard Conditions Equation and Calculator
- Head Changes Caused by Pipe Size Enlargement Formula and Calculator
- Head Changes Caused by Pipe Size Sudden Reduction Formula and Calculator
- Hydraulic Turbine Actual Power Formula and Calculator
- Hydraulics Field Manual and Training - 173 pages, free membership required
- Hydraulic Jump Conjugate Depths Equations and Calculator
- Hydrostatic Pressure Force of a Fluid On Vessel Planes Equations The hydrostatic force of pressure F is that force which is exerted on the wall by the fluid only - i.e. without consideration of pressure p0.
- Hydrostatic Discharge of Liquid From Vessel Bottom Equations and Calculator
- Impulse-Momentum Principle For Fluids Formula The Impulse-Momentum Principle is derived from Newton's 2nd law in vector form
- Straight Labyrinth Seal using Martin’s Equation and Calculator
- Stepped Labyrinth Seal using Zimmermann and Wolff Equation and Calculator
- Lift From Rotating Cylinder Formula
- Liquid in Horizontal and Vertical Motion Equations and Calculator
- Natural Gas Pipe Flow Rate Requirement Formulas and Calculator
- Mechanical Seal Balance Ratio Formula and Calculator
- Magnus Effect Calculator and Formula for Ball The Magnus effect is the observed effect in which a spinning ball curves away from its principal flight path.
- Viscosity of Fluid with Falling Sphere at Terminal Velocity Equation and Calculator Measurement of Viscosity in a Vertical Falling Ball Viscometer Calculator
- Morison Equation
- NACA airfoil sections Generate 4 and 5 digit Python code
- NACA .stl airfoil generator Python Application
- Numerical Analysis of Fluids Python Script Application
- Vessel With Pressure Applied to Liquid Level Equations and Calculator
- Irrotional Flow of Frictionless Fluids, Mostly of Invariable Density Premium Membership Required to view Document/Book
- Liquid Pressure Drop in Pipe and Pipe Fittings Spreadsheet Calculator
- Parshall Flume Flow Measurement Equations and Calculator
- Pipe Enlargement and Reduction Head, Heat and Minor Losses Formula
- Pitot-Static Tube Velocity of Fluid Flow Measurement Calculator and Equation
- Pitot Tube Theory and Application
- Orifice Submerged in Liquid Discharge Rate Calculator and Equation
- Orifice Plate Flow Calculation Python Application per. ISO 5167
- Oxygen Solubility at Barometric Pressure Calculator, Formula nd Calculator
- Evaporation Loss from an Oxygen Tank Formula and Calculator Liquefied gases are sometimes stored in well-insulated spherical or cylindrical containers vented to the atmosphere.
- Properties of Fluids A fluid is any substance which flows because its particles are not rigidly attached to one another.
- Buoyancy Buoyancy is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.
- Compressibility Compressibility is the measure of the change in volume a substance undergoes when a pressure is exerted on the substance.
- Control Valve P1 and P2 vs Flow Spreadsheet Calculator
- Euler Number Equation and Calculator
- Fanning Friction Factor for Flow in Conduits Equation and Calculator
- Fluids Discharge Measurement Structures and Systems, Basic Principles of Fluid Flow as Applied to Measuring Systems
- Flow of Air in Pipes Equation and Calculator
- Flow of Compressed Air in Pipes Equation and Calculator
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- Flow Rate of Steam in Schedule 40 Pipe Tables
- Fluids and Hydraulics Engineering and Design Handbook Premium Membership Required
- Pipe Support Hanger Spacing and Pipe Wall Thickness Table 1.0 suggests minimum pipe hanger spacing for use unless exceeded by the local authority having jurisdiction or engineering calculations.
- Pipe Support Spacing For Deflection Control Design Calculator
- Suggested Maximum Spacing Between Hanger Supports for PVC and CPVC Support spacings for PVC and CPVC pipe systems are influenced by operating temperatures. The tables below recommends horizontal spacing based on pipe size, schedule, material (PVC or industrial grade CPVC), and operating temperature.
- Capacities of ASTM A36 Steel Threaded Rods used for Pipe Support Hangers Based on allowable stress of 12,000 psi reduced by 25% using root area in accordance with ASME Standard B31.1 and MSS Standard SP-58.
- Pump Sizing Design Calculations Excel Spreadsheet Calculator Premium Membership Required
- Relationship Between Depth and Pressure Relationship Between Depth and Pressure Review and Equations
- Head Loss at Pipe Entrance Equations and Calculator using the head loss coefficient and head loss of a fluid at a smooth bellmouth pipe entrance.
- Head Loss at Pipe Abrupt Exit Equations and Calculator of a fluid.
- Head loss and head loss coefficient equation and calculator of a fluid in across a screen (circular metal wire mesh) inside a pipe.
- Heat Loss or Gain From Pipe Excel Spreadsheet Calculator
- Horsepower Required to Compress Air, Single-Stage Compression
- Horsepower Required to Compress Air, Two-Stage Compression
- Horsepower Required to Compress Air, Three-stage Compression
- Hydraulic Ram Pump for Pumping Water, Operation and Design Premium Membership Required
- Liquid DiffusivityTransfer of liquid water through porous materials may be characterized as a diffusion-like process
- Maximum Storm Drain Pipe Flow Rate per. International Plumbing Code (IPC 2018) Table 1106.2
- Pressure Drop and Flow Rate Calculations based on the Karman Method Excel Calculator Spreadsheet
- Velocity of Water Due To Head in Feet Table
- General Ventilation Rates Table Listed below are general ventilation rates for some common applications. Where more than one method is shown use the method that results in the higher airflow rate.
- Head coefficient and head loss across angled louvers inside a pipe equation and calculator.
- Horsepower Required to Compress Air Adiabatically and Isothermally
- Mach Wave Calculator and Equations
- Nozzle, Venturi and Orifice Flowmeter Formula and Calculator Flow in a pipeline can be measured by a venturi meter, flow nozzle, or orifice plate.
- SAE J300 Motor Oil Grades Engine Viscosity Classification and Properties
- Smoluchowski Effective Viscosity Equation and Calculator
- Osmotic Pressure Equation
- Poiseuille's Law Formula and Calculator The relationship between pressure and continuous laminar flow of fluid in a rigid tube is described by Poiseuille's law, which states that the flow rate of a fluid, Q, is directly proportional to the pressure difference, along the length of the tube and the fourth power of the radius of the tube, and inversely proportional to the tube length, and fluid viscosity.
- Pascal's Law Pascal's law or the principle of transmission of fluid-pressure
- Petroff's Hydrodynamic Lubrication Formula and Calculator
- Proportional Weirs Equations and Calculator
- Pump Power Requirements Spreadsheet Calculator
Requires a Premium Membership to download
- Pump Motor Size Calculator Spreadsheet, Requires an active Premium Membership
- Pressure Losses for Fluid Flow in 90° Pipe Bends
- Pressure Distribution of a Fluid within a Vessel Equations and Calculator
- Shock Mach Diamond Calculator and Equations
- Control Volume Control volume is a mathematical abstraction employed in the process of creating mathematical models of physical processes.
- Low Pressure Flow Oliphant and Spitzglass Formula and Calculator Gas gathering often involves operating pressures below 100 psi. Some systems flow under vacuum conditions.
- Thin-Walled Cylinders of Cast Iron With Internal Pressure Formula and Calculator
- Volumetric Flow Rate volumetric flow rate (V ) of a system is a measure of the volume of fluid passing a point in the system per unit time.
- Velocity of Escaping Compressed Air Equation and Calculator
- Mass Flow Rate Mass flow rate of a system is a measure of the mass of fluid passing a point in the system per unit time
- Conservation of Mass Mass flow rates into a control volume are equal to all mass flow rates out of the control volume plus the rate of change of mass within the control volume.
- Rainfall Runoff Rate On Minor Size Land Formulas and Calculator
- Rotation of Fluid Masses In Vessels Equations and Calculator
- Saturation Pressure and Temperature for Water Table Calculator
- Speed of Sound in Various Fluids, Liquids and Solids.
- Speed of Sound in a Liquid or Fluid Formula
- Siphon Flow and Discharge Rates Tables and Charts
- Siphon Flow Rate from Small Pipes Equation and Calculator
- Siphon Discharge Rate Equations and Calculator
- Specific Weight Review and Formula
- Specific Gravity vs Temperature of Water at Atmospheric Pressure
- Standard Atmospheric Data for Altitude and Temperature The standard atmosphere gives a standard of reference for estimating properties at various altitudes.
- Steady-State Flow Steady-state flow refers to the condition where the fluid properties at any single point in the system do not change over time.
- Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure Formula and Calculator per. ASME B31.5
- Swamee-Jain Friction Factor Equation and Calculator This is another explicit equation for calculating the friction factor typically used in the Darcy-Weisbach.
- Surface Tension of Water, Salt and Fresh Equations and Review
- Trapezoidal Weirs Flow Formula and Calculator
- Temperature and Pressure Data for Refrigerants
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- Time to Freeze Outdoor / Indoor Piping Formulas and Calculator ASHRAE
- Thermal Expansion or Contraction of Piping Materials Carbon and Low Alloy High Tensile Steel and Wrought Iron per. ASME B31.8
- Triangular Weirs Flow Formula and Calculator
- Continuity Equation Continuity equation is a mathematical expression of the principle of conservation of mass.
- Venturi Flow Equation and Calculator
- Gas Compressibility Factor Spreadsheet Calculator
- Flow Induced Vibration of Thermowells ISA
- Storm Drain Pipe Sizing Formula and Calculator
- Thermowell Vibration Fluids Engineering Systems Excel Calculator Spreadsheet These calculations are performed according to the paper "Power Test Code Thermometer Wells" by J. W. Murdock
- Thermo-Kinetics Thermowell Calculation Program Excel Calculator Spreadsheet
- Total Head Pressure Velocity Equations and Calculator
- Babcock Steam Flow Rate Formula and CalculatorAn empirical equation for steam flow is the Babcock formula.
- Unwin Gas Change of Pressure and Calculator and Formulas The Unwin formula has been successfully used in steam piping calculations for many years.
- Water Vapor Density atmosphere Equation - Water vapor in the atmosphere obeys the ideal gas law,
- Vapor Pressure Spreadsheet Calculator
- Viscosity of a Pure Liquid Estimation Equation and Calculator
- Viscosity Grade Table ISO 3448
- Viscous Torque and Power on Rotating Shafts Equations and Calculator
- Volume of Water as a Function of Pressure and Temperature
- Weymouth Pressure and Flow Formula and Calculator
- Water Vapor Permeability Diffusive transfer of water vapor through porous materials is often described by a modified form of Fick’s law
- Properties of Water at Atmospheric Pressure Given in Metric SI Units
- Water Flow Kinetic Force in Flow Around Submerged Object Calculator and Equation.
- Weir Flow Rectangular Open Channel Water Flow Calculator and Formula
- Wet Bulb Temperature Equation
- Wind Force on Flag Pole Cylinder Formula and Calculator (Airflow around a Cylinder Formula)
- Wind Force Scales: Beaufort Wind Scale, Saffir-Simpson Wind Scale, Fujita Wind Scale
- Wind Mill Powered Piston Pumps Design Equation and Calculator
- Selecting the Right Fan or Blower for Your Application Sizing of fans and blowers is similar in process to that of pumps, where graphs are commonly used. The performance graph is usually a constant-speed plot with capacity on the X axis and a variety of performance factors on the Y axis.
Bernoulli's Equation
Two-Phase Fluid Flow
- Two-Phase Fluid Flow Two-phase flow occurs in a system containing gas and liquid with a meniscus separating the two phases
- Flow Instability Unstable flow can occur in the form of flow oscillations or flow reversals.
- Pipe Whip If a pipe were to rupture, the reaction force created by the high velocity fluid jet could cause the piping to displace and cause extensive damage
- Water Hammer Water hammer is a liquid shock wave resulting from the sudden starting or stopping of flow.
- Pressure spike Pressure spike is the resulting rapid rise in pressure above static pressure caused by water hammer.
- Steam Hammer Steam hammer is a power hammer driven by steam.
- Operational Considerations Practical Application Water and steam hammer are not uncommon occurrences in industrial plants.
Centrifugal Pumps
Fluids and Flow Calculators
Pumps, Components, and Technology
Piping Hardware Design Data
- Allowable Stresses for Pipe and Tube B36.10M - Steel pipe is manufactured by several processes. Seamless pipe (Type S), made by piercing or extruding, has no longitudinal seam. >
- API Integral-Joint tubing Recommended Torque Table API IJ integral-joint tubing is available in OD sizes of 1.315 to 2.063 in.
- API NUE Tubing Recommended Torque Table Recommended Torque Table for API NUE Tubing.
- API Tubing Engineering Table Chart API Tubing Engineering Table Chart
- API Tubing Grade & Specifications The following guidelines apply to the use of API tubing grades.
- API Casing 4.500 - 5.000 Dia. Engineering Data Table Specification 5C3 of the American Petroleum Institute standardizes 14 casing sizes from 4.5 inches (11.43 cm) to 20 inches (50.80 cm) outside diameter
- API Casing 5.000 - 5.500 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing Data Tables sizes 5.00 - 5.50.
- API Casing 5.500 - 6.625 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing Data Tables sizes 5.50 - 6.625.
- API Casing 6.625 - 7.000 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing Data Tables sizes 6.625 - 7.000 Dia.
- API Casing 7.000 - 7.625 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 7.000 - 7.625 Dia. Table
- API Casing 7.625 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 7.625 Dia. Table
- API Casing 7.625 - 8.625 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 7.625 - 8.625 Dia. Table
- API Casing 9.625 - 10.750 Dia. Engineering Data Table PI Casing 9.625 - 10.750 Dia. Table
- API Casing 10.750 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 10.750 Dia. Table
- API Casing 10.750 - 11.750 Dia. Engineering Data Table PI Casing 10.750 - 11.750 Dia. Table
- API Casing 11.750 - 13.375 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 11.750 - 13.375 Dia. Table
- API Casing 13.500 - 18.375 Dia. Engineering Data Table API Casing 13.500 - 18.375 Dia. Table
- Air Pressure Loss per Foot in Steel Pipe Table Estimated pressure drop at the given CFM of free air flow for steel pipe.
- Barlow's Formula, Calculator and MAOP Design Factors Barlow's formula is used to verify that pipe used for gathering, transmission, and distribution lines can safely withstand operating pressures.
- Chézy and Manning's Equation Manning's equation, which is based on Chezy's equation, is method to calculate the free surface flow within a channel.
- Copper Tubing Size Chart ASTM B88 Dimensions and Physical Characteristics of Copper Tube: TYPE K
- Copper Tubing HVAC Size Chart Copper Tubing HVAC Size Chart- Size and Physical Characteristics
- Copper Tube Size Chart Medical Gas, K and L Physical Characteristics Chart of Copper Tube: Medical Gas, K and L per. ASTM B 819.
- Design for Pipe and Tube Forming Premium Membership Required
- Design for Stainless Steel Pipe and Tube Welding
- Discharge of Air Through An Orifice Discharge of Air Through An Orifice Equation
- Hazen-Williams Water Pressure Drop Flow Rates Calculator Equation Hazen-Williams Water Pressure Drop Flow Rates Equations and Calculator
- Hazen-Williams Coefficients Table Typical C factors used in the Hazen Williams equation
- Isentropic Flow Relationships
- Steel Pipe Flow Friction Loss for sizes 10" to 12 " inch diameter
- Friction Losses in Steel Pipes size 0.5 to 1.25 inch diameter
- Friction Loss in Steel Pipe 1.5" to 3" inch diameter
- Steel Pipe Flow Loss Friction for sizes 4 " to 8 " inch diameter
- Friction Losses to Water Flow in Copper Pipes Size 0.5 to 1.00 inch diameter
- Friction Flow Losses in Copper Tubing of Water in Sizes 1.25 to 1.5 inch diameter
- Friction Flow Losses in Copper Tubing of Water in Sizes 2 to 3 inch diameter
- Internal Dryseal Pipe Thread Tap Drill Sizes Recommendations Dryseal pipe threads are designated by specifying in sequence nominal size, thread series symbol, and class:
- Hollow vs Solid Shafting Relative Strength and Weight Calculator
- Kinematics Viscosity Equation Application kinematics viscosity is the ratio of the viscosity to the density.
- Kinematics Viscosity Table Chart Average Kinematics Viscosity for selected liquid fluids.
- L Pipe Bend Guided Cantilever Beam Equation and Calculator The guided cantilever beam method of evaluating L bends can be used to design L bends, Z bends, pipe loops, branch take-off connections, and some more complicated piping configurations.
- Lames Equation Thick-walled Cylinders of Brittle Material, Ends Open or Closed Formula and Calculator
- Torque Table for API UEU Tubing Recommended Torque for UEU Tubing
- Flow Losses for Valves and Fittings in Equivalent Feet if Pipe.
- Fluid Energy Loss in Fittings and Valves Formula, Calculator and Tables There are two standard ways to calculate the energy lost in fittings and valves: the resistance coefficient method, and the equivalent length method. The method chosen will depend on what information is provided with the fitting to be analyzed.
- Pipe Thermal Expansion U Shape Loop Equations and Calculator for Pipe Thermal expansion will occur between all fixed points in a piping system. If the system has the same covering height, natural fixed points will occur in the center of a line section between two expansion elbows.
- Fluid Flow Open Channel Calculator Chezy and Manning's equation to determine the wetted perimeter, hydraulic radius, flow area, Chezy coefficient and flow velocity
- Ovality (Roundness) of a Tube or Pipe Formulas and Calculator
- Pitot Tube Velocity of Fluid Flow Measurement Pitot tube stagnation pressure equation for an incompressible fluid
- Pipe per. Threads EN 10226-1 Calculator
- Pipe Diameter Based on & Friction Factor Calculator Calculator will determine pipe diameter required based on Head Loss, hL, Frictional Pressure Drop, DPf, for given flow rate, Q, pipe diameter, D, pipe length, L, pipe roughness, e, and fluid properties, r & m.
- Pipe Flow Rate Based on & Friction Factor Calculator Calculator will determine pipe diameter required based on Head Loss, hL, Frictional Pressure Drop, DPf, for given flow rate, Q, pipe diameter, D, pipe length, L, pipe roughness, e, and fluid properties, r & m.
- Pipe Friction Head Loss, Friction Pressure, and Frictional Pressure Equations and Calculator Pipe Friction Head Loss, Friction Pressure, and Frictional Pressure Equations and Calculator
- Pipe Bends Minimum Wall Thickness Design Calculator per. ASME B31.3
- Manning's Roughness Coefficient Gauckley Chezy Manning coefficient, often denoted as n , is an empirically derived coefficient
- Nozzle, Water Flow Table Units in Cubic Feet per Second
- Pex (Cross-Linked Polyethylene) Specifications PEX is a polymeric material formed by the chemical joining of individual polyethylene molecules in a process called crosslinking. Crosslinking alters the performance of the original polyethylene polymer improving several key properties.
- Pipe Friction Calculations Within Pipe For Fluid Flow Pipe Friction drives the pipe size requirements within a fluid flow system and is dependant on the piping system design requirements.
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- Hazen-Williams Method for Pipe Friction and Pressure Drop Hazen-Williams formula:
- Estimated Pressure Drop for Thermoplastic Lined Fittings and Valves Estimated Pressure Drop for Thermoplastic Lined Fittings and Valves.
- Pipe Roughness Coefficients Roughness Coefficients of Specific roughness, Hazen-Williams Coefficient and Manning Factor.
- Pipe Stress Due to Sustained Loads Calculator and Equations per. ASME B31.3 - 2020
- Pipe Restrained Longitudinal Stress Components Stress Calculator and Equations per. ASME B31.9
- Pipe Bending Straight Pipe or Large Bends Stress Calculator and Equations per. ASME B31.9
- Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Sizes & Dimensions ANSI American National Standard Schedule 40 Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe.
- Schedule 80 Steel Pipe Sizes & Dimensions ANSI American National Standard Schedule 80 Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe.
- Schedule 40 Plastic PVC, CPVC Pipe Sizes & Dimensions PVC, CPVC and other Schedule 40 Plastic Pipe.
- Schedule 80 Plastic PVC, CPVC Pipe Sizes & Dimensions American National Standard Schedule 80 Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe.
- Stainless Steel Pipe per. ASTM A312 and ANSI B36.19
- Metric Pipe Sizes Dn "Diametre Nominel" per ISO vs NPS "Nominal Pipe Size" Equivalent for DN 6 to DN 2200, NPS Schedule 5 to 30
- Metric Pipe Sizes Dn "Diametre Nominel" per ISO vs NPS "Nominal Pipe Size" Equivalent for DN 6 to DN 2200, NPS Schedule 40S to XS / XH
- Metric Pipe Sizes Dn "Diametre Nominel" per ISO vs NPS "Nominal Pipe Size" Equivalent for DN 6 to DN 2200, NPS Schedule 80 to XXS / XXH
- Steel Pipe Pressure Ratings
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- Pressure - Temperature Ratings for Pipe Flanges, and Flanged Fittings from ANSI B16.5-1981
- Tube Bending Manufacturing Guide Premium membership required
- Plastic PVC, CPVC Pipe Applications Material characteristics for plastic PVC, CPVC
- Loss of Air Pressure Due To Pipe Friction Table 1 Loss of Air Pressure Due To Pipe Friction Table
- Loss of Air Pressure Due To Pipe Friction Table 2 Loss of Air Pressure Due To Pipe Friction Table
- Loss of Pressure Through Screw Pipe Fittings Loss of Pressure Through Screw Pipe Fitting. Each pipeline fitting within the system
- Straight Pipe Threads Table Chart ANSI NPSL ANSI/ASME B1.20.1, American Pipe Threads Standard
- Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Standard Tubes Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Standard Tubes
- Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 40 Pipe Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 40 Pipe
- Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 80 Pipe Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 80 Pipe
- Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 160 Pipe Velocity and Flow Capacity of Oil Schedule 160 Pipe
- Pressure Vessel and Piping Weld Joint Reduction Factor - Weld Joint Corrosion Reduction Factor
- Working Internal Pressure for Copper Tube Solder or Brazing Joints Based on ASME Standard B31.9
- Allowable Working Pressures for Carbon Steel Piping
- Allowable Working Pressures for Copper Tubing for copper tubing type ACR used in refrigerant piping systems.
Head Loss
- Head Loss Head loss is the reduction in the total head or pressure of the fluid as it moves through a fluid system.
- Friction Factor Friction factor has been determined to depend on the Reynolds number for the flow and the degree of roughness of the pipes
- Darcy's Equation Darcy's Equation Fluids Flow Equation - also called Darcy Weisbach equation.
- Minor Losses Pressure losses that occur in pipelines due to bends, elbows, joints, valves, etc. are sometimes called minor losses.
- Equivalent Piping Length Equivalent Piping Length Head Loss Equation Fluids
Natural Circulation
Fluids Engineering Data
Vacuum Systems and Design
Laminar and Turbulent Flow
- Airfoil AeroDynamics Characteristics Calculator Mach Number, Reynolds Number, Dynamics Pressure, Viscosity
- Flow Regimes Two flow regimes are laminar flow and turbulent flow
- Laminar Flow Laminar flow (or streamline flow) occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between the layers.
- Turbulent Flow Turbulent Flow Poseuille Law Equation
- Flow Velocity Profiles Not all fluid particles travel at the same velocity within a pipe.
- Average (Bulk) Velocity Ia single average velocity to represent the velocity of all fluid at that point in the pipe.
- Viscosity Viscosity is a fluid property that measures the resistance of the fluid to deforming due to a shear force.
- Ideal Fluid ideal fluid is one that is incompressible and has no viscosity.
- Reynolds Number Reynolds number, based on studies of Osborn Reynolds, is dimensionless number of the physical characteristics of the flow.
Applications Calculators
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