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Normalizing Annealing Tool Steels Table Chart

Engineering Materials
Applications & Design

Normalizing and Annealing Temperatures of Tool Steels Table Chart. Annealing is the steady heating of a metal at a certain temperature above the recrystallization phase followed by a gradual cooling process. Normalizing heat treating will create a material that is softer but will not produce the uniform material properties of annealing.. A material can be normalized by heating it to a specific temperature and then letting the material cool to room temperature outside of the oven. This treatment refines the grain size and improves the uniformity of microstructure and properties of hot rolled steel.

Steel
Normalizing treatment
temperature (a)
Annealing (b)
Temperature
Rate of
cooling
max
Hardness
Type
°C

 

°F
°C
°F
°C /h
°F /h
HB
Molybdenum high-speed steels
M1, M10
 
Do not normalize
 
815-970
1500-1600
22
40
207-235
M2
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
212-241
M3, M4
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
223-255
M6
 
Do not normalize
 
870
1600
22
40
248-277
M7
 
Do not normalize
 
815-870
1500-1600
22
40
217-255
M30, M33, M34,
M36, M41, M42,
M46, M47
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
235-269
M43
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
248-269
M44
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
248-293
Tungsten hot work steels
T1
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
217-255
T2
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
223-255
T4
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
229-269
T5
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
235-277
T6
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
248-293
T8
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
229-255
T15
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
241-277
Chromium hot work steels
H10, H11,
H12, H13
 
Do not normalize
 
845-900
1550-1650
22
40
192-229
H14
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
207-235
H19
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
207-241
Tungsten hot work steels
H21, H22, H25
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
207-235
H23
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
212-255
H24, H26
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
217-241
Molybdenum hot work steels
H41, H43
 
Do not normalize
 
815-870
1500-1600
22
40
207-235
H42
 
Do not normalize
 
845-900
1550-1650
22
40
207-235
High-carbon high chromium cold work steels
D2, D3, D4
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
217-255
D5
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
223-255
D7
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
22
40
235-262
Medium-alloy air-hardening cold work steels
A2
 
Do not normalize
 
845-870
1550-1600
22
40
201-229
A3
 
Do not normalize
 
845-870
1550-1600
22
40
207-229
A4
 
Do not normalize
 
740-760
1360-1400
14
25
200-241
A6
 
Do not normalize
 
730-745
1350-1375
14
25
217-248
A7
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
14
25
235-262
A8
 
Do not normalize
 
845-870
1550-1600
22
40
192-223
A9
 
Do not normalize
 
845-870
1550-1600
14
25
212-248
A10
790
 
1450
765-795
1410-1460
8
15
235-269
Oil-hardening cold work steels
O1
870
 
1600
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
183-212
O2
845
 
1550
745-775
1375-1425
22
40
183-212
O6
870
 
1600
765-790
1410-1450
11
20
183-217
O7
900
 
1650
790-815
1450-1500
22
40
192-217
Shock-resisting steels
S1
 
Do not normalize
 
790-815
1450-1500
22
40
183-229(c)
S2
 
Do not normalize
 
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
192-217
S5
 
Do not normalize
 
775-800
1425-1475
14
25
192-229
S7
 
Do not normalize
 
815-845
1500-1550
14
25
187-223
Mold steels
P2
 
Not required
 
730
1350-1500
22
40
103-123
P3
 
Not required
 
815
1350-1500
22
40
109-137
P4
 
Do not normalize
 
870-900
1600-1650
14
25
116-128
P5
 
Not required
 
845-870
1550-1600
22
40
105-116
P6
 
Not required
 
845
1550
8
15
183-217
P20
900
 
1650
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
149-179
P21
900
 
1650
Do not anneal
Low-alloy special-purpose steels
L2
870-900
 
16001650
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
163-197
L3
900
 
1650
790-815
1450-1500
22
40
174-201
L6
870
 
1600
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
183-212
Carbon-tungsten special-purpose steels
F1
900
 
1650
760-800
1400-1475
22
40
183-207
F2
900
 
1650
790-815
1450-1500
22
40
207-235
Water-hardening steels
W1, W2
790-925(d)
 
1450-1700(d)
740-790(e)
1360-1450(e)
22
40
156-201
W5
870-925
 
16001700
760-790
1400-1450
22
40
163-201

(a) Time held at temperature varies from 15 min for small sections to 1 h for large sizes. Cooling is done in still air. Normalizing should not be confused with low-temperature annealing.

(b) The upper limit of ranges should be used for large sections and the lower limit for smaller sections. Time held at temperature varies from 1 h for light sections to 4 h for heavy sections and large furnace charges of high alloy steel.

(c) For 0.25 Si type 183 to 207 HB; for 1.00 Si type, 207 to 229 HB.

(d) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60 to 0.75ºC, 815ºC (1500°F); 0.75 to 0.90 ºC, 790ºC (1450ºF); 0.90 to 1.10ºC, 870ºC (1600ºF); 1.10 to 1.40 ºC, 870 to 925ºF (1600 to 1700ºF).

(e) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60 to 0.90 ºC, 740 to 790ºC (1360 to 1450ºF); 0.90 to 1.40 ºC, 760 to 790ºC (1400 to 1450ºF).

Source: ASM Handbook Vol. 4, page 715, table 2.

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